Analysis Of The Movie The Night - 1724 Words

Thump. Thump. Thump. The sound of inconsistent thumps downstairs had woken him. He had threw off his covers and slowly walked towards the bedroom door, the thumps getting louder and louder as he approached the door. â€Å"Mom? Dad? What are you guys doing?† He calls, as he gets to the top of the stairs. HIs feet made the old wooden staircase creak, that his great grandfather had built when he built the house years ago. Creaking sounds following him as he descended down the stairs. Thump. Thump. A smash was heard and Tom could see shadows of flying glass through the crack of his parents door. He suddenly freezes, hearing screaming coming from that door in front of him followed by the sound of flesh being torn. Soon the sounds of the screams†¦show more content†¦You could already see his ribs though his shirt as he stood with a hunch. At the moment he was hanging out at an old soup kitchen, he had covered the windows with old aprons to avoid detection when he had to light candles at night and blocked the doors with the big freezer. He searched the building for food but didn t come up with much since it was one of the first places picked clean. Nothing but some sale crackers and a cup of water. He knew he had to check the freezer for food or he was going to die. He only had a few hours before nightfall. So he set up his makeshift bed out of aprons on the floor and reached to his left feeling for his bag. He couldn t really see because of the aprons covering the light from the windows. Finally he grabbed the strap and pulled it closer. He unzipped the zipper in the front of the bag, reaching his hand inside for his flashlight. He got up and walked over to the counter and picked up the meat cleaver, just in case and places it next to his bed on the old chair. He leaned toward the door holding his breath to listen. â€Å"Crap.† He states, rushing to grab his cleaver from the chair. He stops and licences for a second, hoping to distinguish if the invader was human or infected. Low moans were heard outside the door, and outside he could hear a screech, telling him it was nonhuman and there was more coming. He knew he couldn t stay here and if he did he would die. He ran to the back of the building, looking back with tears atShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie The Night 996 Words   |  4 Pagesneedles of death! she exclaims. I don t understand you, Bridges. Josh laughs,You saved my life, but then almost gave me a heart attack. Brianna smiles up at him as he laughs. Adoration shines in her eyes, sparkling like stars on the darkest of nights. Blood curdling needles of death? Josh chuckles, So dramatic! Have you ever considered writing? Shut up Ramsay. Brianna smirks, I would be a wonderful author. Josh walks closer to the bed, his heart racing. He sits down in the same spotRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Night 957 Words   |  4 Pagesthem. The figures were grim in appearance, green, ribs protruding from the side, hollow eyes, and open mouths that were letting out a hollow scream. Our class, 30 in number, shuffled in and took our seats. Once in our seats we were shown a movie. The movie was about the Holocaust, and some of the people who were fortunate enough to survive it. The film covered significant points that were the crescendos of this time in History. The survivors spoke on their experiences, how they survived, and theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Night 867 Words   |  4 PagesRichards briefcase it showed the audience that Paul was showing his anger due to the fact he had feeling for Anne. 9. There were a couple unique sound effects in the play. The sound effects was the pounding on the door, the noise of the door across the hall closing, the door knob when it was being unscrewed from the door, a baby crying, and the jiggle of a dogs collar. The sound cues were executed at the right moments in the play. For example, when the lady from 4a came into 4b’s apartment to talkRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Night 858 Words   |  4 Pagesreally missed the great adventure, which not only added gas to her fire but it made her go on a rage. This rage lasted for weeks and weeks and she ended up destroying her room just to show her parents how bad she wanted to go to the carnival. The night that she destroyed her room a little leprechaun about the same size of her foot with a face that looked cute, according to Lucy which made it easier for the leprechaun to convince her into going with him to the carnival. The leprechaun ran into herRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Night 1065 Words   |  5 PagesAt Once Again Antiques, Zach hesitated under the store’s overhang and stomped the snow from his boots. In the display window, a vintage jukebox played Deck the Halls, and next to it, a color wheel revolved in front of an aluminum Christmas tree. He removed his Stetson and tapped it against his pant leg, releasing a dusting of snow from the dark felt brim. Whatever was supposed to happen would be today, December 24th. For Gran’s sake, he’d ask an eye-catching, yet complete stranger to accompany himRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Night 1047 Words   |  5 Pagestrying my best (and failing miserably) to keep the tears out of my eyes. Fairly recently, I assumed that role for another friend. The symbolism, it kills me. And yet here I am, sitting in a Starbucks at 7:04 in the morning because I didn’t sleep last night and instead watched the last season of FRIENDS and cried, wondering when I’d find someone who loved me as much as Ross loves Rachel, as much as Chandler loves Monica, and wondering when I would ever love someone in the same way. Wondering if it’d happenRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Night 898 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Here he is,† Mindy said happily when Zack arrived for his detention. Zack looked around. The only people there were Miss Devasquez and Mindy. He knew about the â€Å"special detention† that Miss Hartick had put together, and he had expected that he would have to go through the same thing. It didn’t look that way though. He was glad about that at least. He even let himself expect that this might be a regular detention. He asked, â€Å"It’s just us?† â€Å"It’s just us,† Miss Devasquez said. Playfully, she saidRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Night 925 Words   |  4 Pagesher friends enjoyed the use of the house owned by her best friend’s parents. They had the run of Megan’s family beach home in Playa Del Rey for the holiday week. Megan’s parents were on location in Canada for two months. Her dad and mom were on a movie shoot filming a creature feature. As a result, the friends felt they were on one long slumber party, similar to the ones they enjoyed as teenagers. Only at this juncture of their life, wine and men liven up the week-long gathering. The young womenRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Night 978 Words   |  4 PagesBy the following Tuesday night she was ready to resume taking after having several nights of poor sleep. The doorbell rang about 1A.M., I got up in time to see Kevin handing an almost nude Susan a Sunday. All she had on was her pink panties, hmm..she had pajama s on when she went to bed. At first I thought she might be awake, but her blank expression led me to believe she was in ambient trance. How did Kevin know to bring a Sunday or did he just chance it? Why was Susan naked? Did she call KevinRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Night 1181 Words   |  5 Pagespassenger side of her father’s transport looking at her as if he were about to laugh, but she had at once said to him, â€Å"Did you set the wheels in motion?† sounding much like one of those mid-twentieth century spies in one of New America’s old archived movie records Phillip had recently viewed. â€Å"Everything’s going according to plan so far,† he simply stated back with a grin. A few miles away, once they neared Inez’s place, Cassidy parked on Bethwin Road not far from where she had previously vandalized

Roosevelt and The New Deal Essay - 1552 Words

The Roosevelt Era Franklin D. Roosevelt became the thirty-second president of the U.S. in 1933. He was one of the most skillful political leaders and it showed as he led the people out of the Great Depression. The U.S. was in a state of depression when Roosevelt took office, but through his New Deal program, the federal government became much more involved socially and economically in peoples lives in contrast to its traditionally passive role. The governments responsibilities in peoples lives changed and individuals responsibilities changed too. The role of the government in peoples lives expanded greatly during the New Deal era. When Roosevelt took office, his main goal was to provide relief for the country. He†¦show more content†¦It was evident that the governments responsibilities were expanding and becoming part of peoples lives. Soon after taking office, Congress passed the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA). The NIRA was a single program, but there were numerous sub-programs under the act. It was designed to satisfy the conflicting pressure groups and 3.3 billion dollars were used for it. Roosevelt set up the National Recovery Administration (NRA) in hope of stabilizing the economy by reducing unemployment, paying decent wages to workers so they could purchase products, limiting overproduction so prices would rise to a profitable level, and eliminating cutthroat competition. This law also contained a provision that guaranteed labor the right to collective bargaining. There were a lot of goals to be reached and it would difficult to accomplish them, but Roosevelt felt it was necessary for the recovery of society. Guidelines for codes of the above goals were to be arrived at jointly by representatives of management, labor, and the public. The NIRA took off and was very popular. By the time t he code making phase ended about seven to eight months later, 557 basic codes and 200 supplementary ones had been approved by the NRA. But, it became obvious that the codes were not being jointly agreed upon, but the management group was mainly writing them. So the NRA experiment was declaredShow MoreRelatedPresident Roosevelt And The New Deal1356 Words   |  6 Pageswithout the development of the New Deal? The New Deal played an important role in the government and the American economy of the 1930’s. Do we still the effects today? Several major changes birthed out of the New Deal and it was these changes President Roosevelt and his term are credited for. The New Deal established programs to ignite the economy and protect the people of the United States, and it also changed the way Congress and the President balanced power. The New Deal was created under the authorityRead MoreThe New Deal: Franklin Roosevelt879 Words   |  4 Pages The term, The New Deal, comes from Franklin Roosevelt’s 1932 democratic presidential nomination acceptance speech, Roosevelt says, I pledge you, I pledge myself, to a new deal for the American people.(Referring to the great depression) Roosevelt explains the New Deal as a use of the authority of government as an organized form of self-help for all classes and groups and sections of our country. The New Deal program was born in a Brain Trust meeting prior to Roosevelt’s inauguration. (Anonymous)Read MoreEleanor Roosevelt And The New Deal2452 Words   |  10 Pageswhen Franklin D. Roosevelt began his presidency. While in office, Franklin D. Roosevelt created a package of social programs known as the New Deal. The New Deal was developed to help raise the spirits of Americans, find a solution for unemployment, and assist those that were in need. Throughout Roosevelt’s presidency, his wife Eleanor Roosevelt played the role of being both his eyes and ears. This paper will focus on Eleanor Roosevelt and the role that she played with the New Deal during the GreatRead MoreFranklin Roosevelt And The New Deal881 Words   |  4 PagesFranklin Delano Roosevelt had no clue on politics until his campaign for presidency in 1932. He won the election by landslide that â€Å"captured a thundering 58 percent of the popular vote† (Davidson 688). His inaugural speech, â€Å"I pledge you, I pledge myself to a new deal for the American people† (Library of Congress, 1), made America to believe in him so there could be a change in the United States. The start of the new deal was when Roosevelt proposed a record of 15 bills to congress within the firstRead MorePresident Roosevelt and the New Deal1454 Words   |  6 PagesIn the coming of a new President in 1932, America was at its lowest point throughout its existence. The economy crashed and left the United States in a state of major depression, the Great Depression. FDR was elected for his ideas of change through the new deal, and the thought of hope had given to Americans. Roosevelt knew that a change was needed and was willing to go to tremendous measures to try to bring back the American economy, give jobs, and to keep democracy going on strong. In doing soRead MoreFranklin Roosevelt And The New Deal2088 Words   |  9 Pagesmost interest in was The New Deal. From my knowledge the underlying issue was the Great Depression. Franklin Roosevelt won the presidency election in 1932 due to his idea of The New Deal. The New Deal was his solution to help the awful crisis happening in America. Franklin Roosevelt and the government were in search of a variety of means to restore the economy and the hope of the American people. I will discuss the events that lead to the New Deal and the legacy of The New Deal along with some of itsRead MoreRoosevelt s The New Deal2138 Words   |  9 PagesElection of 1932, Roosevelt was elected president. (With the help of his wife throughout all three terms if I might add.) This was following the times of The Great Depression, so he had a big task on his hands. He proposed the New Deal, which brought along plenty of job opportunities for citizens who had lost their jobs during The Great Depression. The New Deal had seemed to promise something to everybody, so Roosevelt’s popularity inevitably improved as the economy improved. â€Å"The New Deal created theRead MoreFranklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal1289 Words   |  5 PagesFranklin D. Roosevelt was one of the most powerful and influential democratic presidents that the United States has ever put into office. Though he was diagnosed with polio and had to be confined to a wheelchair, for many years Roosevelt tried to regain the ability to walk by swimming . He still managed to lead this country out of the worst economic depression the country had seen in its young life. Many Americans were out of work with the depression going on and banks were closed because peo pleRead MoreFranklin Roosevelt And The New Deal Program1055 Words   |  5 Pagesfear itself, stated by one of America s greatest presidents, Franklin Delano Roosevelt. January 30, 1882, Franklin Roosevelt was born and would later on become one of America s most loved presidents. Roosevelt became the 32nd president of the United States in 1933 and was elected president four times(Biography). He is the only president who will ever be elected four times to office. Throughout his presidency, Roosevelt carried out many outstanding programs to help rebuild America through the DepressionRead MoreFranklin D. Roosevelt And The New Deal1116 Words   |  5 PagesHyde Park, New York, Franklin D. Roosevelt was stricken with polio in 1921. He became the 32nd US president in 1933, and was the only president to be elected four times. Roosevelt led the United States through the Great Depression and World War II, and greatly expanded the powers of the federal government through a series of program s and reforms known as the New Deal. Roosevelt died in Georgia in 1945. President Roosevelt’s parents made a living both on real estate and trade. Roosevelt was schooled

Shape-Changers the Chronicles of the Cheysuli Free Essays

Book Report Trevor Mendham While i was in the library with the class. Shape-Changers the Chronicles of the Cheysuli written by Jennifer Roberson had caught my interest. This book was published in 1984 while the author was living in a castle. We will write a custom essay sample on Shape-Changers the Chronicles of the Cheysuli or any similar topic only for you Order Now Jennifer Roberson has said that the eight book series had been inspired by the castle in Wales. Although this book is part of a large series, I strongly believe this book is about the choices that we make. The main character Alix has the choice to play it safe or to take a risk and truly find the answers she seeks. I personally would enjoy continue reading this series. Although the book was very short and left quite a few lose ends for the next book. This book set in the land of Cheysuli within the Kingdom of Homana. Alix the daughter of a man who was a religion leader whom resigned after the war on shape-changers started. After this he started running a under-croft, where dead body are displayed for the public viewing, taking a major reduction in wage and honourable work. Alix has fallen for the prince named Carillon a childhood friend, from the fathers previous profession. Soon after they are captured while walking in the woods by the shape-changers. Alix finds that she is half blooded shape-changer and has to decide to accept who she is, and lose the love of price Carillon and be at war with his race. This story was very odd but was a good book. The fiction of this story is tied to reality in a very unique way, that is very effective in making the story not feel very fantasy. This feature made the book truly more enjoyable. Other writing techniques like not having any foreshadowing. The book keeps you guessing until the very end. Even within the story parts that I had never seen coming, Like releasing the prince. Allowing Alix to run away and eventually return on curiosity. I would recommend anyone who wants a quick read of a quality story. Overall I would give this story eight out of ten stars without reading the rest of the series. How to cite Shape-Changers the Chronicles of the Cheysuli, Papers

The Life Of Ludwig Van Beethoven (1411 words) Essay Example For Students

The Life Of Ludwig Van Beethoven (1411 words) Essay The Life of Ludwig Van BeethovenThe Lifeof Ludwig Van BeethovenThe rise of Ludwig van Beethoven into theranks of historys greatest composers was parallelled by and in some waysa consequence of his own personal tragedy and despair. Beginning in thelate 1790s, the increasing buzzing and humming in his ears sent Beethoveninto a panic, searching for a cure from doctor to doctor. By October 1802he had written the Heiligenstadt Testament confessing the certainty ofhis growing deafness, his consequent despair, and suicidal considerations. Yet, despite the personal tragedy caused by the infirmity in the one sensewhich ought to be more perfect in than in others, a sense which once possessed in the highest perfection, a perfection such as few in profession enjoy, it also served as a motivating force in that it challengedhim to try and conquer the fate that was handed him. He would not surrenderto that jealous demon, my wretched health before proving to himself andthe world the extent of his skill. Thus, faced with such great impendingloss, Beethoven, keeping faith in his art and ability, states in his HeiligenstadtTestament a promise of his greatness yet to be proven in the developmentof his heroic style. By about 1800, Beethoven was masteringthe Viennese High-Classic style. Although the style had been first perfectedby Mozart, Beethoven did extend it to some degree. He had unprecedentlycomposed sonatas for the cello which in combination with the piano openedthe era of the Classic-Romantic cello sonata. In addition, his sonatasfor violin and piano became the cornerstone of the sonata duo repertory. His experimentation with additions to the standard forms likewise madeit apparent that he had reached the limits of the high-Classic style. Havingdisplayed the extended range of his piano writing he was also beginingto forge a new voice for the violin. In 1800, Beethoven was additionallycombining the sonata form with a full orchestra in his First Symphony,op. 2. In the arena of piano sonata, he had also gone beyond the three-movementdesign of Haydn and Mozart, applying sometimes the four-movement designreserved for symphonies and quartets through the addition of a minuet orscherzo. Having confidently proven the high-Classic phase of his sonatadevelopment with the Grande Sonate, op. 22, Beethoven moved on to thefantasy sonata to allow himself freer expression. By 1802, he had evidentlysucceeded in mastering the high-Classic style within each of its majorinstrumental genres-the piano trio, string trio, string quartet and quintet,Classic piano concerto, duo sonata, piano sonata, and sym phony. Havingreached the end of the great Vienese tradition, he was then faced witheither the unchallenging repetition of the tired style or going beyondit to new creations. At about the same time that Beethoven hadexhausted the potentials of the high-Classic style, his increasing deafnesslanded him in a major cycle of depression, from which was to emerge hisheroic period as exemplified in Symphony No. 3, op. 55 (Eroica). In BeethovensHeiligenstadt Testament of October 1802, he reveals his malaise that wassending him to the edge of despair. He speaks of suicide in the same breathas a reluctance to die, expressing his helplessness against the inevitabilityof death. Having searched vainly for a cure, he seems to have lost allhope-As the leaves of autumn fall and are withered-so likewise has myhope been blighted-I leave here-almost as I came-even the high courage-whichoften inspired me in the beautiful days of summer-has disappeared. Thereis somewhat of a parallel between his personal and professional life. Heis at a dead end on both cases. There seems to be no more that he can dowith the high-Classic style; his deafness seems poised inevitably to encumbera nd ultimately halt his musical career. However, despite it all, he revealsin the Testament a determination, though weak and exhausted, to carry on-Iwould have ended my life-it was only my art that held me back. Ah, it seemedto me impossible to leave the world until I had brought forth all thatI felt was within me. So I endured this wretched existence Realizinghis own potential which he expressed earlier after the completion of theSecond Symphony-I am only a little satisfied with my previous works-andin an 1801 letter-I will seize Fate by the throat; it shall certainlynot bend and crush me completely- he decides to go on. At a time whenBeethoven had reached the end of the musical challenge of the day, he alsofaced what seemed to him the end of hope in his personal life. In his Testament,death seems imminent-With joy I hasten to meet death-but hope and determination,though weak and unsure, are evident. .u19772d75a9aadc0ea4ae641485af21df , .u19772d75a9aadc0ea4ae641485af21df .postImageUrl , .u19772d75a9aadc0ea4ae641485af21df .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u19772d75a9aadc0ea4ae641485af21df , .u19772d75a9aadc0ea4ae641485af21df:hover , .u19772d75a9aadc0ea4ae641485af21df:visited , .u19772d75a9aadc0ea4ae641485af21df:active { border:0!important; } .u19772d75a9aadc0ea4ae641485af21df .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u19772d75a9aadc0ea4ae641485af21df { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u19772d75a9aadc0ea4ae641485af21df:active , .u19772d75a9aadc0ea4ae641485af21df:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u19772d75a9aadc0ea4ae641485af21df .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u19772d75a9aadc0ea4ae641485af21df .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u19772d75a9aadc0ea4ae641485af21df .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u19772d75a9aadc0ea4ae641485af21df .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u19772d75a9aadc0ea4ae641485af21df:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u19772d75a9aadc0ea4ae641485af21df .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u19772d75a9aadc0ea4ae641485af21df .u19772d75a9aadc0ea4ae641485af21df-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u19772d75a9aadc0ea4ae641485af21df:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Human rights in yugoslavia (98 EssayIn the Heiligenstadt Testament the composercomes to terms with his deafness and leaves what is beyond his controlto what must be, trying to make a fresh start. It is quite evident thatthe Testament is filled with a preoccupation with death-he writes as thoughdeath were at his doorstep, waiting for him to finish his letter-FarewellHowhappy I shall be if I can still be helpful to you in my graveWith joyI hasten to meet death. Come when thou wilt, I shall meet thee bravely.He has set his old self-the almost-deaf, tired, hopeless Ludwig- to restthrough the Testament so that he may rise and live again. Beethoven hadstated previously that he h as not yet revealed all of which he is capable. Coming to terms with his condition, he moves on to develop all my artisticcapacities. This eventually leads to his heroic period in which SymphonyNo. 3 in E-flat (Eroica) composed in 1803 became one of the early principalworks. The work broke from the earlier Viennese high classic style; manyolder composers and music pedagogues, not able to accept his new style,called it fantastic, hare-brained, too long, elaborate, incomprehensible,and much too noisy. In fact the style drew much from contemporary Frenchmusic-the driving, ethically exalted, grand style elements combined withthe highly ordered yet flexible structure of sonata form.It seems undeniablethen that the Heilingenstadt Testament in which Beethoven came to termswith and put to rest the incurable tragedy of his growing deafness, alsoset forth a determination to prove his skills before death should takehim. This quest coincided with and perhaps led to his graduation from theViennese hi-Classic style to the development of his own unique heroic style,a blend of French and Viennese elements. The Eroica can be viewed asa deliverance of both his life and his career from despair and futility. Beethoven recreates himself in a new guise, self-sufficient and heroic. The Testament thus is likened to a funeral work. The composer sets himselfup as the tragic hero-my heart and soul have been full of the tender feelingof good will, and I was ever inclined to accomplish great things-withdrawnfrom the company of men, tortured by his growing deafness, tempted withthoughts of suicide, overcoming despair by the pure strength of faith inhis own music, searching for but one day of pure joy. In a musical perspective,the Eroica Symphony established a milestone in Beethovens developmentand in music history. His manipulation of sonata form to embrace the powerfulemotions of heroic struggle and tragedy went beyond Mozart or Haydns high-Classicstyle. Beethovens new path reflected the turbulence of the developingpolitics of the day (especially the Napoleonic Wars), ignited perhaps bythe hopelessness he felt in himself. He took music beyond the Viennesestyle which ignored the unsettling currents of Beethovens terror, anxiety,and death. Indeed he placed tragedy at t he center of his heroic style,symbolizing death, despair, and loss-paralleling his own sense of loss,pain and strife. But in addition, like his own triumph over suffering,there is hope, triumph and joy as expressed in the finale of the Eroica.The Heiligenstadt Testament is a prophecyof the greatness to come of Ludwig van Beethoven. At a time in his lifewhere he had exhausted the musical possibilities of the Viennese high-Classictradition and where his growing deafness foreshadowed a diminishing career,Beethoven seemed to have come to halt in 1802. His Heiligenstadt Testamentof that year revealed a soul set to despair and futility. At the same timehowever, despite the looming impossibility of recovery, his ambition tofully realize his musical talent set him to establish a new milestone inmusical history-the creation of the heroic style. Symbolizing struggle,the resistance of morality to suffering, and the triumph over despair,we can see how the heroism of Beethovens music reflected h is own struggleswith fate and his own triumphs.

Summary of Discipline and Punish The Birth of Prison Essay Example

Summary of Discipline and Punish: The Birth of Prison Paper Foucault himself worked in hospitals—or rather, on mental asylums—and has had first-hand experiences on the realities of life which could make them come into the arms of madness. In fact, he has written on such subject matter (Madness and Unreason: History of Madness in the Classical Age published in 1961) and his other various experiences have also been influenced by the things around him and his experiences: Foucault’s work can be traced to events in his present day. The Order of Things would have been inspired by the rise of structuralism in the 1960s, for example, and the prison uprisings in the early 1970s would have inspired Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison (1975). (European Graduate School EGS, 2008) Many authors and other famous philosophers and writers were mainly inspired by what they saw in their lifetime or even some other author which they have read. In Foucault’s case, it was all three, as he was inspired by Nietzsche and the â€Å"uprisings† in his time. The book is a fusion of what can be called a history book and that of a book which contains opinions of a person, for that is exactly what the book brings—facts and fiction as Foucault gives factual evidences of what were supposedly recorded scenarios of prison life, while at the same time voicing out his convictions and opinions on the subject at hand: Punishment of a less immediately physical kind, a certain discretion in the art of inflicting pain, a combination of more subtle, more subdued sufferings, deprived of their visible display, should not all this be treated as a special case, an incidental effect of deeper changes? We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of Discipline and Punish: The Birth of Prison specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of Discipline and Punish: The Birth of Prison specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of Discipline and Punish: The Birth of Prison specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer And yet the fact remains that a few decades saw the disappearance of the tortured, dismembered, amputated body, symbolically branded on face or shoulder, exposed alive or dead to public view. The body as the major target of penal repression disappeared. (Foucault, 1977, pp. 7-8) As what the introduction of this paper states, Michel Foucault mainly focuses on the history and development of the prison system or penal system of the western world. This includes the more horrifying acts of execution and punishment of the penal system and the more subtle forms of imprisonment later on (Foucault, 1977). It can be even concluded that the entire book may be a case study of some sort of how the penal system was born and changed and what led to these changes. Of course, these changes contributed to the modern technology which later developed, but more specifically, the changes can be attributed more to the fact that the world is changing, and times back then called for more orderly, effective, and systematic forms of punishment. Although the book contains many themes with regard to its context, there are still some which are more apparent than the others and needs to be focused on. The following section of this paper will focus on the four themes of the Michel Foucaults Discipline and Punish: The Birth of Prison. The Four Themes of Discipline and Punish As with all literary works and pieces, themes are important as they say what the whole masterpiece is driving at what is its point. More than what it is all about, the theme is a universal truth in which the work is supposed to portray, and this work by Michel Foucault naturally contains such themes. The Display of Authority One of the most prominent themes of the book is the blatant display of power and authority of the penal system and the implementers—or, in the case of 18th century, it was the executioners. They can be even regarded as ruthless as they showed no mercy to the criminal. A criminal deserved to be punished and the punishment must be executed no matter how immoral it may be—both for the criminal and member of the public who were watching (Foucault, 1977).

Y2k; Millennium Bug Essays - Calendars, Software Bugs, COBOL

Y2k; Millennium Bug Essays - Calendars, Software Bugs, COBOL Y2k; Millennium Bug The Millennial sun will first rise over human civilization in the independent republic of Kiribati, a group of some thirty low lying coral islands in the Pacific Ocean that straddle the equator and the International Date Line, halfway between Hawaii and Australia. This long awaited sunrise marks the dawn of the year 2000, and quite possibly, the onset of unheralded disruptions in life as we know it in many parts of the globe. Kiribatis 81,000 Micronesians may observe nothing different about this dawn; they only received TV in 1989. However, for those who live in a world that relies on satellites, air, rail and ground transportation, manufacturing plants, electricity, heat, telephones, or TV, when the calendar clicks from 99 to 00, we will experience a true millennial shift. As the sun moves westward on January 1, 2000, as the date shifts silently within millions of computerized systems, we will begin to experience our computer-dependent world in an entirely new way. We will finally see the extent of the networked and interdependent processes we have created. At the stroke of midnight, the new millennium heralds the greatest challenge to modern society that we have yet to face as a planetary community. I am describing the year 2000 problem, known as Y2K (K signifying 1000.) Nicknamed at first The Millennial Bug, increasing sensitivity to the magnitude of the impending crisis has escalated it to The Millennial Bomb. The problem begins as a simple technical error. Large mainframe computers more than ten years old were not programmed to handle a four digit year. Sitting here now, on the threshold of the year 2000, it seems incomprehensible that computer programmers and microchip designers didn't plan for it. But when these billions of lines of computer code were being written, computer memory was very expensive. Remember when a computer only had 16 kilobytes of RAM? To save storage space, most programmers allocated only two digits to a year. 1993 is 93 in data files, 1917 is 17. These two-digit dates exist on millions of files used as input to millions of applications. Programmers did whatever was required to get a product up and working; no one even thought about standards. The same thing happened in the production of microchips as recently as three years ago. Microprocessors and other integrated circuits are often just sophisticated calculators that count and do math. They count many things: fractions of seconds, days, inches, pounds, degrees, lumens, etc. Many chips that had a time function designed into them were only structured for this century. And when the date goes from '99 to '00 both they and the legacy software that has not been fixed will think it is still the 20th century not 2000, but 1900 Y2K Date calculations affect far more millions of systems than those that deal with inventories, interest rates, or insurance policies. Every major aspect of our modern infrastructure has systems and equipment that rely on such calculations to perform their functions. We are dependent on computerized systems that contain date functions to effectively manage defense, transportation, power generation, manufacturing, telecommunications, finance, government, education, healthcare, and more. The list is longer, but the picture is pretty clear. We have created a world whose efficient functioning in all but the poorest and remotest areas is dependent on computers. It doesnt matter whether you personally use a computer, or that most people around the world dont even have telephones. The worlds economic and political infrastructures rely on computers. And not isolated computers. We have created dense networks of reliance around the globe. We are networked together for economic and political p urposes. Whatever happens in one part of the network has an impact on other parts of the network. We have created not only a computer-dependent society, but, also an interdependent planet. We already have had frequent experiences with how fragile these systems are, how failure's cascade through a networked system. While each of these systems relies on millions of lines of code that detail the required processing, they handle their routines in serial fashion. Any next step depends on the preceding step. This serial nature makes systems, no matter their size, vulnerable to even the slightest problem anywhere in the system. In

Strategy management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Strategy management - Essay Example This paper briefly analyses team dynamics, leadership and details of team roles, team processes, and formation of team culture. â€Å"Team Dynamics are the unseen forces that operate in a team between different people or groups. Team Dynamics can strongly influence how a team reacts, behaves or performs, and the effects of team dynamics are often very complex†1. Personality traits, organizations culture, tools and technologies etc can affect the team dynamics in different ways. The communication and cooperation between the team members are essential in ensuring the success of teamwork. The team members should work for attaining the team objectives rather than the individual objectives. In such circumstances, individuals sometimes might be forced to sacrifice their interest for the benefit of the team’s interest. Such a healthy attitude is important in ensuring the success of the functioning of a team. But, it is not necessary that all the members in a team may think in the same manner and perform equally well. Under such circumstances the team leader should ensure that the team dynamics or the bondage between the team members is adequate for attaining the team goals. The organization should provide a healthy environment in which team dynamics prosper in a better way. Proper equipments and technology like laptops, mobile phones etc should be provided to each member of the team by the organization in order to improve the communication between the team members and also the team dynamics. The success of a team depends on how well the team leader was able to distribute the works within a team. No team member should feel that he is overloaded with work while other team members have fewer amounts of responsibilities. The team leader should distribute the work equally to the team members so that no discrimination based on the allotment of work should be felt inside the team. Under normal circumstances, team members may

The Purpose of Friendship Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Purpose of Friendship - Research Paper Example The question of why an individual will be attracted to another as a friend when he already has a family he belongs to is a basic curiosity that we usually take for granted. Rubin, Fredstrom, and Bowker (2008) came up with a basic operationally defining features of friendship as: I have been fortunate to have had established several friendships in my life and each one has its own kind of bond. There are friends who I have met in certain social circles who naturally gravitated towards me and vice versa. There are those who naturally fall into fast friendships with me because we share a common interest. All these wonderful friends pass the defining features of friendships as described above. The famous writer, C.S. Lewis (1960) theorized that friendship arises out of mere Companionship when two or more of the companions realize that they share some common insights or interests. Initially, each thought they were the only ones who did, but now a common bond surrounds them, tightening their hold on each other. Emerson qualifies the love that binds friends in relation to Lewis’ theory that when one asks, â€Å"Do you love me?† it means â€Å"Do you see the same truth?† or at least, â€Å"Do you care about the same truth?† (Doyle & Smith, 2002). Pahl (2005) agrees, adding that friendship is becoming an increasingly essential ‘social glue’ since it holds together various kinds of social bonds. My varied interests have led me to various sets of friends†¦some are from my childhood, several from school and others from various groups I have been involved with. With each friend, I can recall a certain common thing I share, be it an int erest for a particular hobby, a liking for a certain celebrity, an aversion for another person or even a sense of humor that clicks with each other.

The Devils Highway Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Devils Highway - Essay Example Most of these emigrants get to the US through illegally crossing the border. Crossing over the Mexican border has not always been illegal though. During the 19th Century and the beginning of the 20th century, Mexicans were allowed to cross by the American government as they provided labor which grew the economy. In fact, they were so essential that the government would entice them with some allowances, to top up their salaries. The 1920s depression however saw an end to this and a barrier was constructed across the border to stop the crossing over. Nowadays, Mexicans wanting to access a better life in the US, have to illegally cross the border and survive the ruthless border patrol, unimaginable transportation conditions and not forgetting the one of harshest deserts in the world (Borjas 58). The Devil’s Highway Journalist Luis Alberto Urrea shares with us such an occasion in his book, The Devil’s Highway. The book describes the horrifying ordeals of some 26 Mexicans in their journey across the border. The group manages to cross over, only to find themselves in the Sonora Desert, or as others call it, the devils highway. In the aftermath, 14 of the emigrants die, making the highest group of deaths while crossing the border in history. Many of the deaths result from exposure to the extreme desert heat while those who survive are near death themselves. Urrea also details of all the mechanisms that facilitate the border crossing in the region, from the coyotes to the vigilante border patrols (Urrea 78). The story can be described as nothing less of an international tragedy. It is a very vivid description of the horrors that Mexican immigrants undergo as they are smuggled into Arizona. In comparison to other writers of his age, Urrea is very daring from the way he vividly and fearlessly tells it from all sides of the story with brutal honesty, even through the eyes of the border patrol officers. For example, in spite of their Wild West and ruthless na ture, one cannot help but empathize with the situations of the border patrol officers. Urrea also tells this tale with horrifying descriptions, but at the same time, shows compassion to these victims. The story is thrilling and fascinating while being tragic and horrifying at the same time. It is heartbreaking to learn of how some poor Mexicans fall prey to the promises of smugglers in the pursuit of some greener pastures, only to end up dead or in near-death. Some do not even make it to the other side as the coyotes betray them to die in the desert while they part with the money. Even those who complete the journey cannot be termed as lucky as they meet with a society that does not approve of their arrival, and a government that constantly seeks to flush them out and expel them. How the migration matters to us The issue of Mexican migration affects us all as the youth and citizens of America. As much as it pains to admit it, illegal emigrants bring more harm than benefit to the cou ntry, the biggest being the crossing over of drugs. In 2004, for example, 90% of the cocaine sold in America was smuggled by illegal emigrants through the US-Mexico border. Also, many of those caught attempting to cross over have been found in possession of such drugs, which they were meant to sell in the US. Another disadvantage of the emigrants is the increase of crime associated with them. Many of those who manage to cross over have criminal pasts from their country origin. These individuals enter the US then join or start up some criminal gangs like the

Explaining exceptions to Dollo’s Law

Explaining exceptions to Dollo’s Law Explaining exceptions to Dollo’s Law a review of the concepts of constraint and contingency. In 1890 Louis Dollo a Belgian palaeontologist, came up with the theory that evolution is irreversible, expanding on the work of Edgar Quinet, a historian who had first pondered this theory (Chopra Rogers, 2013) . Thus explaining that the constraint of evolution that it is irreversible and if certain traits are lost this effects the contingency of evolution, thus past changes having an effect on the present and future of the species, this could by chance may or may not have an effect on the re-evolution of certain traits. The theory states that evolution is irreversible because of the structures and functions lost in the line of evolution cannot return in the lineages that they were once lost in e.g tails in our monkey like ancestors. This therefore suggests that genes formally required to code for adaptive traits during selection pressures will become non-functional when selection pressure is low or non-existent (Marshall, et al., 1994). The repercussions of this are that any trait coded by these genes will be lost forever and cannot ever occur again in the same lineage according to Dollo’s law (Marshall, et al., 1994). In recent times many papers have been published that have disputed this law. There has been some work done on seeing if the constraints of evolution hinder further adaptation and whether this can either facilitate or hinder the re-emergence of the original/ancestral trait (Yedid et al. 2008). This essay will look at some of the cases where this law potentially does not apply and discuss how relevant Dollo’s law is in biology, and if it is relevant at which point does the law either become to ambiguous or too specific. We will discuss Dollo’s law at two different bases; the Genetic and Morphological. Under Dollo’s law the genetic basis of this is that if a gene is lost due to natural selection and bred out of a population, the trait coded by the gene is lost and cannot be regained in the same lineage over evolutionary time. A Study to test the genetics of Dollo’s law was tested on the genome coding for the sex combs in Drosophila bipectinata and its close relative Drosophila malerkotliana (Seher, et al., 2012). The study found that some the genes that code for sex comb may alter the structures dramatically (even in a single inversion) and some that had multiple inversions of the chromosomal structure which had no difference in the sex comb morphology. They then suggested that Dollo’s law should follow molecular pathways rather than just the genes that code for them. This is due to many genes being regulatory genes, which can sometimes when activated; open up many pathways to code for different cellular processes. This can then have an effect in gene expressio n and therefore a trait previously lost in evolutionary time is now being expressed due to these â€Å"nexus† regulatory genes (Seher, et al., 2012). The can be demonstrated in another experiment where mouse inductive signals that gave rise to stem cells providing teeth, where cultured with graphs of chick oral dermis. The result found that the Chicks oral tissue actually started to form enamel organs and even in some case small malformed teeth (Marshall, et al., 1994). In a review published by Bull Charnov it says that In relation to irreversibility there are two generalisation from there analysis. 1) â€Å"selection of intermediate phenotypes is critical to evolutionary transitions whenever the two phenotypes are so different that multiple mutations are required to change from one to another† (Bull Charnov, 1985) , and 2) â€Å"a second principle common to several examples is that the genome may progressively accommodate a character state the loner it is maintaine d† (Bull Charnov, 1985). These two generalities the summary was that irreversible evolution is founded on the dependence of the biological details of the system, with some more general rules that apply at a much less focused level. The constraints with looking at the genetic level are that we are looking literally â€Å"under the microscope† and it is fine picking each detail of gene selection and deletion and applying this to Dollo’s law. But as said before genes can take many pathways due to nexes regulatory genes, so who is to say that a feature i.e. eyes lost in a cave fish (speaking hypothetically) came back in a recent form but using different genes to cause the eye. Is this against Dollo’s law? Or because of the different genetic pathway it is just a natural progression in evolution. Using morphology as a basis with regards to Dollo’s law it states that any morphological trait that is lost in a lineage cannot ever be re-expressed for example the hind legs in cetaceans. We cannot talk about morphological exceptions to Dollo’s rule without mentioning Atavism. Atavism by definition is a revision/reappearance to an ancestral characteristic previously lost in the evolutionary pathway (Biology-online, 2012). Atavisms arise normally due to a gene recombination or a gene mutation that enables a previous trait to be expressed (Hall, 2010). Hind leg extension in vertebrates has been well documented. In a study by Bejder Hall, they mention atavisms and the development of limb bud in cetaceans, snakes and legless lizards (Bejder Hall, 2002). They aren’t as rare as one might think this is due to all these animal species having being evolved from limbed ancestors, and as previously mentioned that genes can code for a multiple of different functions. Atav isms in whales normally occur in the rudiments of the pelvic girdle, the best case of this has been found in sperm and blue whales. The incident rate of atavisms in adult sperm whales is about 1:5000 (Bejder Hall, 2002). In the Individuals found the atavisms skeletal processes are found to be almost complete, even both hind limb have been found in a female humpback whale when normally present is cartilaginous femur (Bejder Hall, 2002). Because these vestigial limbs actually have no function can these actually be considered against Dollo’s law? Or because that previously forgotten traits are being expressed does that counter Dollo’s law? Another morphological feature that contracts Dollo’s is re-evolution of shell coiling in gastropods (Collin Cipriani, 2003). The trait was thought to have died out around 10mya but a study has shown that It can be re-evolved using the same genes that gastropods has at that time. There are two hypothesis put forward by this ide a; either that genes that signal for shell coiling have a number of function have been kept in there entirety, or that Trochita has developed a new pathway to gain the coiling trait completely different to its ancestor (Collin Cipriani, 2003). There has been evidence to support the second theory due to the coiling being superficially different to other gastropod species (Collin Cipriani, 2003). Finally an example that is a little closer to home is that there is new evidence of muscle reversions in the primate phylogeny. There have been 220 character state changes that are optimised in the parsimonious 28 of there have been evolutionary reversions, 6 of these have through evolution have contributed to human musculature and 9 of these have directly gone against Dollo’s law (Diogo Wood, 2012). The one particular case of violating of Dollo’s law for muscle reversion is in the subtribe hominina. In this case both the rhomboideus major and rhomboideus minor muscle are fou nd in an ancestral clade. This was then lost and the Rhomboidus muscles became the more distinct muscle in the Cercopithecinae, the ancestral muscle formation then has re-appeared in the Hominina there by going against Dollo’s law (Diogo Wood, 2012). this constant muscle evolution and re evolution causing the muscle to constantly re configure in primate to truly go against Dollo’s law at both eh morphological and genetic level there must be the same genetic pathways and selection pressures present to make this change a selective and adaptive advantage to truly call this change re-evolution. In summary to this review all of the studies all show great strengths and flaws with the methods and rules abided by in Dollo’s law. Constraints and contingency way heavily on if Dollo’s law is applied, because pathways may be constrained but if they actually help the re evolution of a trait there still may not be a selection pressure for these and this does not apply with the constraints of evolution, there-fore if there is no selection to me it feels like a random mutation with no beneficial attributes to the animal’s evolution. Law I feel is a strong word to use because with law there needs to be the same degree of lenience with this. This is due to papers on the genetic level saying that if the same pathways are used this means that this is against Dollo’s law, but if the same trait appears again but using a different pathway this does not, even if the new trait is a functional advantage. I believe the only way that a species can truly re-evolve traits is that the trait that has been re-evolved needs to be on a functional basis. The functional basis is that under Dollo’s law even if a limb has arisen That limb would need to be functional i.e. have a selection pressure causing this to be an advantage evolutionally. This is the only way that I can see of being able to out rightly say if something is against Dollo’s law. Word count: 1565 References : Bejder, L. Hall, B., 2002. Limbs in whales and limblessness in other vertebrates: mechanisms of evolutionary and developmental transformation and loss. Evolution Development, 4(6), pp. 445-458. Biology-Online 2014. Atavism definition from Biology-Online.org. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Atavism. [Accessed 27 February 2014]. Bull, J. Charnov, E., 1985. On Irreversible Evolution. Evolution, 39(5), pp. 1149-1155. Chopra, S. Rogers, K., 2013. Dollos law (biology) Encyclopedpia Britanica. [Online] Available at: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/168293/Dollos-law [Accessed 24 febuary 2014]. Collin, R. Cipriani, R., 2003. Dollos Law and the re-evolution of shell coiling. Proceeding of the royal society of biological sciences, pp. 2551-2555. Diogo, R. Wood, B., 2012. Violation of Dollos Law: Evidence of muscle reversions in primate phylogeny and their implications for understanding iof ther intigeny evolution, and anatomical variations of modern humans. Evolution, 66(10), pp. 3267-3276. Hall, B., 2010. Atavisms. [Online] Available at: yadda.icm.edu.pl/yadda/element/bwmeta1.elementaab2/main.pdf [Accessed 27 02 2014]. Marshall, C., Raff, E. Raff, R., 1994. Dollos law and the death and resurrection of genes. Proceeding Of The Natural Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America, Volume 91, pp. 12283-12287. Seher, T. et al., 2012. Genetic Basis of a Violation of Dollo’s Law: Re-Evolution of Rotating Sex Combs. Genetics, 192(2), pp. 1465-1475. Yedid, G., C. A. Ofria, and R. E. Lenski., 2008. â€Å"Historical and Contingent Factors Affect Re-Evolution of a Complex Feature Lost during Mass Extinction in Communities of Digital Organisms.† Journal of Evolutionary Biology 21, no 5. pp 1335-1357.

Kurt Vonnegut :: essays research papers

Here is some info on Kurt Vonnegut. Kurt Vonnegut was born in Indianapolis, Indiana on November 11, 1922. After attending Cornell University from 1941-43 Vonnegut served in World War II and was captured during the Battle of the Bulge. As a prisoner of war, he survived the fire bombing of Dresden by Allied forces on 13 February, 1945 in an underground meat-storage cellar. When he emerged the next morning, Vonnegut was put to work pulling corpses from the ruins of the desolated city once known as "the Venice of the North." In one night the horrific fire-bombing of Dresden killed more people than the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki combined, more than 135,000 in all. Vonnegut's first-hand experiences of this, one of the darkest episodes in human history, would later provide the basis for his most influential work, Slaughterhouse Five (1969), though it would take him more than twenty years to come to terms with his wartime experiences and complete the novel. After returning from the war Vonnegut attended the University of Chicago as a graduate student in anthropology. In 1947 he moved to Schenectady, New York, where he began to work on his first novel, Player Piano (1952), as well as a number of remarkably varied stories that would appear throughout the next decade in such magazines as Collier's, Playboy, Esquire and Cosmopolitan. The story starts off with Kurt reminiscing about the pass and how he wrote this book. The main character is Billy. Billy is born in 1922 in Ileum, New York. He grows into a weak and awkward young man, studying briefly at the Ileum School of Optometry briefly before he is drafted. After minimal training, he sent to Europe right in the middle of the Battle of the Bulge. He is captured behind German lines. That is where this story mostly takes place then there’s his wife who he meets later her name is Valencia. I chose this book well honestly I didn’t know what to read and this is what Mr. S suggested so I thought it would be good, but it just isn’t my type of book. Billy is the main Character I already talked about him in last paragraph, so you can just look there for more info on him. Kurt Vonnegut: The novelist inserts himself in the sections of Chapters One and Ten that frame Billy Pilgrim's story.

High School Enrollment System Essay

I. 1 Background of the Study This project looks at an Enrollment System for a high school. It stores details of students, year, and section. It may also be use as local assessment of the MEIN Business H. S. for their fees. The enrollment is designed for use by staff and other authorized user in the high school office to enable them to easily produce information required by the different people in the high school. Computing technology has an impact on almost every aspect of daily life. Computer applications abound in art, business, entertainment, science, engineering and medicine. For students who  think logically, enjoy solving problems and have an interest in software development, Computer Science is a good study choice. Students develop skills in logical thinking, creative problem-solving and communication. Classes often incorporate a team approach, requiring clear communication among members as they solve a problem and explain their solution to others. Students gain both hands-on design experience as well as theoretical knowledge. This combination of skills provides an advantage to graduating students because of the broad range of skills possessed. Classes are generally small, averaging less than 25 students. The faculty works on such fascinating topics as virtual reality, high-speed networks, parallel computing, computer security, embedded applications, Internet technologies and multimedia. Students work alongside faculty in department labs equipped with state-of-the-art computing equipment. Students can gain extra experience in the Student Chapter of the ACM (affiliated with the national organization), which hosts technical and social activities as well as the Honors Co-op Program which provides paid internships during the senior year at local companies. A web application or web app is an application that is accessed via  the Internet or an Intranet. Web applications are popular due to ubiquity of the client. The ability to update and maintain web applications without distributing and installing software on potentially thousands of client computers are key reasons for their popularity. A significant advantage of building web applications to support a standard browser feature is the ability to perform as specified, regardless of the operating system installed on a given client. The proponents decided to adapt web application in their study because it enables the students, faculty, and administrators of the  institution to gain 24-hour access and use to the proposed system via a client computer without any needs of installing or distributing any software. I. 2 Statement of the Problem The MEIN Business H. S. is using a manual system for their enrollment facility. The inaccuracies of information were minimal, like the identification of level per year and sometimes the registrar personnel were making a mistake with the number of subject—but the possibility of encountering a more difficulties and tedious task was still at hand. One of the problems that the institution would like to include in the  study was the lack manpower in the accounting department. In the accounting office or the cashier, MEIN Business H. S. only had two personnel to accommodate the students during the payment of fees for their enrolment. The outcome was that the school had a hard time in accommodating those large numbered students, and that made it hard for other students to wait in line. Another problem of the school was the generation of forms. The students needed to fill-up the student information slip, advising slip, and three (3) copies of the registration forms for the copy and record of the accounting office, the registrar and for the student themselves. Students were consuming a lot of time in doing such. Since the students are manually filling-up the official documents the school, data Redundancy has a great possibility in causing further complexity in the enrolment process. An added problem was that when the students were getting their subjects and schedule for the semester, the students had to refer to the bulletin boards for the available subjects, schedule, and slots. Since the said information was posted, it would only mean that the updates were not monitored effectively. To keep the students updated at all times, the availability of the subjects and slots should be monitored. If a subject only has 5 slots available and there are still a number of students who would be enrolling that subject, students should be informed of someone has availed the slots already so that there wouldn’t be any wasted time just by falling in line again just to look for another available slot. I. 3 Assumption and Hypothesis This study is sought to answer the following questions and assumptions, to wit: ?What are the advantages of using an automated enrollment system? ?What are the important Components that should be used in completing this project? ?What are the tools that will be used to able for the proponent to complete this study? To aid the researcher on the study, the following hypothesis is formulated, to wit: The advantages that the proposed automated Enrollment system are: †¢Cost savings and cost avoidance †¢Quicker response †¢Accuracy †¢Getting the needed information †¢Backup and security The following are the important component in terms of student’s information: †¢Student Number †¢School Year †¢Section ID †¢Year level †¢Schedule ID †¢Teacher ID †¢Fee code The tools that will be used in completing this project is Microsoft Access 2003 as its backend and the Microsoft visual basic 6. 0 as its Front end, this tools are compatible with windows platform. I. 4 Significance of the Study Due to the increasing population of MEIN Business H. S. this study helped the school regarding their enrollment transactions. The proposed system aimed to benefit the school in their enrollment facilities such as maintaining the files, assessment of fees and especially the enrollment itself. The proposed system aimed to benefit the following: The School The main beneficiary of the study is MEIN Business H. S. MEIN Business H. S. would be adapting the new innovation of technology through web that will make their work with optimum performance. The developed system will compensate the flaws and problems that the company is encountering. Employees would not have to worry preparing forms for the customers and reports for the managers because the system will supply it for them. Registrar and Accounting Office With regards to the registrar’s office the proposed system will help the school in maintaining the data of the students and the school will not use the manual data gathering. MEIN Business H. S. will just need to check the database for the records needed. Students The students will benefit by means of not having a hard time in falling in line and waiting for their turn to register and pay for their tuitions. The students can pay their tuitions via the internet. Proponents The proponents would also be a beneficiary of the study since the proponents would value the importance of enhancing their skills and work performance while grasping knowledge throughout the study. Future Researchers For the future researchers, this study could be used for their reference in having a local enrollment system if the future researchers would like to formulate a system such as this. I. 5 Scope and Delimitation of the Study The proposed of system was a portal type system that covered the major processes in the enrollment system of MEIN Business H. S. namely: Registration of the current students, class scheduling and sectioning, assessment of fees, file maintenance, report generation (registration form, assessment slip, student master list, and other forms and reports essential to the system). The proposed system included the processing of student’s personal records and the mode of payment that the student would choose. The new students or transferees have a limited access over the online enrolment system. Since they do not have an account or profile in the system, they could only view the following: courses offered;  available schedule, subjects, and slots; projected amount of the tuition fee. When the student logs in his/her account, there would be tabs or menus that would contain options that the student might want to do in the system. He/she could find updates in his/her account (assessment fees), the pre-registration form for enrollment with the class schedule, and other forms that would be needed for the accomplishment of the records or the student. The student would also be given a selection for the mode of payment that he/she would like to avail (i. e. Online via credit card, Cash or Installment). The forms that would be needed from  the enrollee would be passed on-line. The online payment would be through the means of entering the bank account number of the enrollee, course code, student or ID number, and the bank account number of the school itself. Users of the system have their own account with different access levels. Students can view the subjects that are available, pay their tuition fees and view their grades online. The student will be given a selection of the mode of payment. Administrators have total access to the system. The portal system was not connected by any means to the current web page that the school is using. The proposed system would only be used for enrollment purposes only. The study does not cover the computation of students’ grades since only the final grade is needed to verify if the student passed the pre-requisite of a particular subject, entrance examinations and other web messaging services such as forums/threads, online voting/polling, and e-mail 1. 6 Theoretical Framework Inquiry of Students Requirements User Illustrates theoretical framework of MEIN Business High School Enrollment. Inquiry of Students, Requirements, Registration, Student Listing of Assessment, Enrollment and Student Report are the seven  entities that are interconnected to the user. Registration Student listing MEIN Business H. S. Enrollment System Assessment Enrollment Student Report 1. 7 Conceptual Framework Registration Enrollment of Students Generates properly Print official receipt Illustrates the conceptual framework of MEIN Business High School Enrollment System. Registration, Processing Modification, Assessment of Students, Enrollment of Students, Generates Properly and Print Official Receipt. These are the six entities that are interconnected with the user. Processing modification Assessment of Students MEIN Business H. S. Enrollment System User.

Improving roads Essay

If someone goes on a hill or a high place and has a look at what is going on, down on the vast area, he will see a lot of curved lines that are like snakes, creeping in each other and there are some tiny objects that are moving like thousands of insects. Living in modern cities needs more traveling during the day because people go to different work places. This is a good reason for having a liable transportation system that is able to transfer every body from one place to another one. Some people think that governments should pay attention to this matter and spend more money to build more roads and highways. They prefer fast cars and a good route to ride their vehicles because they have to work or shop and there is not enough time for all of them. I believe, governments should have a general view about transportation and it means that there are some other issues that must be considered at the same time. If we spend more money on public transportation system, a lot of people can use it and they don’t have to buy a car to pollute the environment and also we would not have so many car accidents that suffer a lot of families and are a waste of money, and time. These days, every one is aware of air pollution and a great deal of damage to the environment that are caused by fuels. If the number of private vehicles increases, we can not breathe well. There are different diseases in children who live in polluted cities. Nature is changing and some areas in the world have had â€Å"acid rain† that destroyed a lot of trees in forests. Have you thought what would happen to our planet if this situation continues We must improve public transportation system and make people use it and refuse riding private cars to help ourselves. When we read a newspaper or listen to the news on radio or at T.V., we notice how many car crashes happen in a day. A lot of people die or are damaged. Families are sad and every body thinks why all these should happen. If we encourage people to take public transportation, they would be safer and the amount of psychological and economical effect on the society would decrease. As a result, I think government should spend and even invest more money on public transportation to prevent more pollution in cities and let people  live in healthy condition. Also by improving public transportation we avoid more accidents and consequently decrease death toll.

Will Faulkner - Rose for Emily essays

Will Faulkner - Rose for Emily essays Reader Response for A Rose for Emily Inside the illustrious story by William Faulkner there is a tale of a lonely woman who is living out the better part of her life inside a cage. The setting is in a southern town which most likely aided to the problems she faces due to the views of the South. Emilys father is the type that did not approve of any contact from the men of the town so she was always being held back in the area of socialization so she started out in a bad situation of not being a part of the community. Her fathers logic being that he didnt see it as proper for her to be as the others her age. The father figure is still a important symbol in her life though. When he dies she doesnt even accept the fact that he is gone. Her father was basically the only real person in her life. She had relatives in Alabama but they were pushed away by her father over some land that was left behind by a eccentric aunt. The relatives in Alabama were all she had but the old wound inflicted by her father was not going to heal. To add to Emilys already depressed state the man that she was engaged to runs off and leaves her all alone. This was a final blow for Emily and this she could not recover from, so she barred herself from the outside world and isolated herself inside her house. The only man that her father must have approved of, ran out on her making this the possible breaking point for her. Especially when loosing the two most important people in her life near the same time. The only other person Emily saw on a regular basis was a black man, named Tobe, that brought her food an d helped out with the odd thing when she needed it. After these two events had passed the community attempts to reach out to her. When her father dies the women in the town try to comfort and help her but she is still in denial and she just will not let anyone into her life. ...

Case Study of an innovative company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Case Study of an innovative company - Essay Example The staff turnover at this airport is around 4% with the average service length of an employee being 9.2 years and 32% rise is observed in revenue per employee (Dubai Airport Yearbook, 2012). Dubai International Airport, as part of an integrated and holistic approach towards improving their customers’ overall experience, attempts to cater to the vastly diverse and cosmopolitan tastes of their international customers. These services include a large number of client airlines, customs and immigration, duty free shops and other retailers; ground services provider data, efficient security scanning, smart gates and lost and found. A unique concept of â€Å"silent airport† has greatly reduced the number of announcements made in the airport, only to be replaced by screens displaying the flight details in order to alert customers (Dubai Airport Yearbook, 2012). Dubai International Airport is ranked at 25 in 2014 as against 33 in 2013. The key competitors of the Airport are Singapore Changi Airport, Incheon International, Munich Airport, London Heathrow Airport and Hong Kong International Airport. The strong performance of Dubai Airport’s commercial portfolio has boosted the total revenue by 17% in 2013. Aeronautical revenue and commercial revenue rose by 12% and 23% respectively, thereby portraying a strong growth of Dubai International Airport (Martin, 2014). Dubai International Airport is constantly trying to improve passenger experience by incorporating innovative strategies in its work policy. In November, Dubai Airport in a recent partnership with TWSteel Watches and Dubai Duty Free had hosted a live pop-up concert by a headline recording artist, Kelly Rowland. The performance took the passengers as well as the airport officials by surprise and attracted immense attention on the social media as several individuals captured the concert on videos that were uploaded on different sites such as, Twitter,

Netflix Will Lose Money for All of 2012 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Netflix Will Lose Money for All of 2012 - Essay Example Fortunately, Netflix was able to determine the main cause for their financial downfall. In a very costly move, the company had decided to expand its video streaming service into Ireland and the United Kingdom. Despite the price of the endeavor, it is expected to be a success; however, a large amount of United States subscribers have cancelled their own services, significantly decreasing the amount of money that Netflix can play with to expand their services. During the regulatory filing on November 21, 2011, Netflix extended their warning of losing money to encompass the entire 2012 fiscal year. As though needing to show proof of their financial difficulties, Netflix shares closed at 5.4% lower on November 22. During the same filing the revealed the devastating announcement, Netflix also announced their plans of raising an additional four hundred million dollars to help the company out of their financial hole. To do this, Netflix is turning to investors. Netflix is currently selling almost three million shares at seventy dollars per share, which is six percent below the closing price on November 21. The offering was scheduled to close approximately on November 28. Furthermore, Netflix is also selling two million dollars worth of convertible bonds to investment funds that are associated with Technology Crossover Ventures, which is a fund that has been investing in Netflix for over ten years. The money raised from all of the aforementioned methods will provide the company with the money needed to invest in more content, though the need for secondary offerings are usually believed to be foreboding signs of further financial devastation. â€Å"They can signal that expenditures have outpaced expectations and that a company needs to raise more cash.† To make matters worse for Netflix, which only had roughly four million in cash at the end of the last quarter, is that they are facing threats brought on by rivals with a significantly larger amount of money. Film and television studios are demanding even more money for companies to make use of their valuable content, and rivals are coming out of the woodwork to make their bids. Among these rivals are big names such as Hulu and kiosk service Redbox, but other well-known technology giants that are looking at creating video streaming include Amazon and Google. An analyst stated earlier this year that Netflix’s streaming content licensing will cost a total of two billion dollars in 2012, which is a significant rise from the one hundred and eighty million they were paying in 2010. In its filing on November 21, Netflix stated that it has payments of roughly four billion dollars due over the next few years to pay for content under their current contracts. Unfortunately, Netflix is losing many of these incredibly important licenses. Starz, a particularly large name in entertainment, has opted not to renew their contract with Netflix. By early 2012, they plan to remove all of their movies and television shows from the Netflix service. This loss of content has customers up in arms, demanding why they are being expected to pay more for a service they are getting less of. Customers were already fuming due to Netflix’s announcement in July to charge separate prices for DVDs-by-mail and streaming video, which would increase

Week 3 DISCUSSION QUESTIONS Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week 3 DISCUSSION QUESTIONS - Assignment Example Then, the parties having an agreement need to have capacity. Also, the performance and subject matter of the contract need to be steady with public policy and have legality (pp. 131). A contract can be modified when both parties agree in changing the terms found in the original agreement. A contract could either be modified in part or in whole. This depends on the desires of the parties. Promissory estoppel applies when promises made earlier and are relied on, are needed to be enforced (pp. 143). This law applies when there is no use of a formal contract. For example, when an employee is promised to be paid a certain monthly amount for the duration of his work, an official contract may not be applicable unless the employer specifies that this is in exchange for a valued substance. A partial breach of contract is one which applies to an ancillary or minor detail of the contract (pp. 149). For example, this breach would take place if a plumber and a homeowner agreed to have the carpenter use a purple cloth on the chairs but the carpenter ends up using a red one. It is seen to be a partial contract as it does not go to the center of the contract. On the other hand, a material breach may be seen as a serious form of breaching a contract. The value of the contract is affected negatively by the breach. For example, let’s say the agreement between the homeowner and the carpenter was to use mahogany wood in making the chair as it is durable and strong. Because the carpenter wants to save some money, he does not use mahogany and instead uses a cheap wood that is not strong and durable. This is a material breach as the fault in the agreement’s performance goes to the durability of the

Major city recycling initiatives Essay Example for Free

Major city recycling initiatives Essay The population of the world continues to increase dramatically, further pushing the need for our world to adopt resource conservation as a way of life. Between 1950 and 2010, the U.S. population nearly doubled (conner) Recycling efforts must focus on water, energy, paper, metal, aluminum cans, glass, plastic, Styrofoam, steel, junk mail, garbage, tires, and even food. Although there is no federal mandate for recycling, many states have passed laws mandating that communities provide the facilities for people to recycle. Recycling efforts have taken hold in large cities. For example, recycling is the law in New York City. Resident, schools institutions, agencies, and all commercial businesses must recycle. All street evets,including block parties and street fairs, are required to recycle. Non-compliance with recycling regulations is punishable by fines starting at $25 and increasing to $500 for repeat violations (bloom 15-20). Electronic waste is a growing problem for our technological world. Proper disposal of computer, monitors, televisions, cell phone, and other ‘techno-trash’ presents its own challenges. Conservative estimates put the number of obsolete electronics that are simply thrown away at over three billion units per year (chang 40-51). These electronic devices contain heavy metals and other toxins. Harmful toxins which, when released into the environment, can contaminate our water, land and air. Lead, mercury, and cadmium are large cities are working to address this global e-waste crisis caused by improper computer and electronic recycling. Cities all across the country have implemented recycling programs. Since there is no national law that mandates recycling, state and local governments set recycling laws. California, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Iowa, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New York, Oregon, and Vermont have passed laws that establish deposits and refunds on bottles and cans for beverages. Cities such as Seattle and New York impose fines for violating recycling laws. What canyou do to advance recycling in your community? Bibliography bloom, mike i., and rose w. arbole. new york gets serious abouts trash. municipal news 12-34.Print chang, arnold t. throing out the pc. new york: cengage learning, n.d.Print conner, john T. our population explosion. 0web28 may 2012 www.epa.gov.

Sociology Of The Family And Social Change Sociology Essay

Sociology Of The Family And Social Change Sociology Essay Throughout history  society and  families have undergone huge changes and these have been argued by many different  sociological  perspectives.   The reasons for the  argued changes  are  as diverse  as the theories themselves.   In this essay I aim to raise, evaluate and analyse the arguments raised by Functionalist, Marxist and Feminist theories with regards to why and when these changes occurred and their impact on the family and society in general.  Economic factors,  war,  changes in womens rights, reduction in religious beliefs and increase in divorce and a more recent  era of technology are just some of the factors that have affected  society  and thus changed the structure of the family as was previously known.  All of these could be said to have being responsible for what is seen as a breakdown in the  family unit as it was known but in this essay I will be looking at the effects  of  industrialisation on the family. Families have always been the foundation blocks from which we grow and learn, a means of support, whos components can change differently over time depending on where the families  exist. The extended family included three  generations of kin. The members didnt only share a household but also an important economic role which was to work together as a collective group, the purpose was to help keep the family alive and well, for example, the men would do more intensive labour such as subsistence farming, hunting and gathering, whilst the women would do crafts trades and domestic duties like cooking, brewing, caring for the offspring as well as perfecting the role of a successful wife and mother, which kept their husband happier and motivated to work hard for his family.   Eventually, the era of technology was introduced to society. This made a vast alteration in history by replacing most manual and animal labour in many countries across the world, which eventually forced the agriculture industry into an industrial working society. In the 18th  Century, industrialisation hit Britain and small industries started to rapidly grow across the country, specializing from metal production and mining to spinning, weaving and food production e.g. slaughter houses. More additional opportunities for employment were offered, altering the family structure dramatically, from as little as the age four, they were capable of working in factories. The growth of industrialisation resulted in more work for the unemployed. Wages were low, yet the house rent, food and living expenses increased. Many workers had no intentions of limiting their family size as their infant children continued to contribute to the family economy.   Eventually the small cottage businesss started to grow  into proto-industrial business  and families started hiring more workers other than kin. Functionalism was the main branch in society up until the early 1960s, since then it has been increasingly criticized by other sociologists who favoured different sociology perspectives (Martin Holborn and  Liz Steel -Collins Publications).  Institutions  such as schools and churches played a big part in society according to Functionalists and these institutions were functional for societies as a whole. The first main functionalists were G P Murdock and Talcott Parsons. Firstly, Murdock argued that the society was held together by four functions; Sexual, Reproduction, Economy and Education. Later on,  Parsons theory (which was widely criticised by historical evidence, notably studies by  Laslett and Anderson) was to study  nuclear and heterosexual  families,  Parsons Fit Thesis states that the Modern Nuclear family evolved to meet the needs of an industrial society, Feminists argued that tradition roles of the family restricted opportunities in employment. They also argued that although women were employed, that they were also expected  to carry out  the triple shift at home, which consisted of housework, child care and emotional work.  Marxists  argued that family helped a lot of children accept authorities without questioning which prepared them to accept capitalist authorities in work places. Another Marxism argument was that without the growing population of th e family, the  demand for products would decrease capitalist profits.   Marxist feminists agreed with these arguments but also pointed out that it was the women who were exploited most of all, they explained that the tradition role of the mother and housewife figure wasnt fair, but as they are prepared for this role, it provided help to their husbands at low prices which resulted to male workers being employed at low wages.   Marxists assumed the family had many roles which were beneficial to the Capitalist society, they  belived  that the family helped capitalism by being the major consumers of paid goods, this helped the bourgeoisie a great deal and proved that whilst the family exists, then the bourgeoisie would resume to make more profit.   They also believed that the next proletariat generation were created by housewives, as more children were produced, more jobs were filled which were currently left open by the retired. They believed that the family helped the main income provider,  which was usually the husband by relieving pressure from the previous evening allowing him to attend work the next day working and allowing the bourgeoisie to obligate a guaranteed workforce resulting in a beneficial outcome, the proletariat were less likely to rebel against the system due to little stress.   To Marxists, education was considered the main source of  socialisation,  this was also beneficial to the bourgeoisie since the family and education system would teach the children how the society they live in is precise.  Education made the proletariat believe the ideology of Capitalism which encouraged children to believe in the myth of meritocracy. Marxists believed that the bourgeoisie discouraged the proletariat extended family that once existed.  Marxists believe  that the proletariat had a mutual support system and acted communally as a support unit, which lead to many people becoming aware of which class they were in. This lead to the proletariat protesting against the capitalist ruling class for power, but as this was brought about by the extended family, the bourgeoisie taught the extended family to be immoral.   Engels saw industrialisation  negatively as  it increased exploitation of the workers, but also in a positive light  as it would eventually cause a communist revolution. The Marxist theories I have raised suggest that while Marxs theory makes sense, it has also been disproven throughout history as almost all of the countries that were introduced to the communist revolution eventually collapsed and became capitalist governments Communists didnt lead to freedom for the workers, but only to exploitive tyrannies that abused the proletariat more inferior than any bourgeoisie ever did, which concludes that although communism may well have been a great theory, it was never a practical one. Historically the feminist  approach is primarily aimed  at men,  there  view  on  the family  has an economic system which  encompasses   an  array of labour relation in which men benefit from the exploitation of women.   Marriage has existed for the benefit of men; and has been a legally sanctioned method of control over women We must work to destroy it. The end of the institution of marriage is a necessary condition for the liberation of women. Therefore it is important for us to encourage women to leave their husbands and not to live individually with men All of history must be re-written in terms of oppression of women.  (The Declaration of Feminism November, 1971) Many feminists came to the conclusion that when a member of the household worked, the income wasnt to contribute towards the household, but to the man. They saw the family a way for the man to dominate the woman, as he would benefit from all the work the woman does to contribute towards the family e.g. cleaning, cooking,  and bringing  up the children and more.   Which also includes  other view feminists  had involving the 57 varieties of unpaid service.   Radical feminists believe that the main problem in society is patriarchy,  they believe that a mans point of view is dominance and power, that they arent respected like they should be. A Marxist feminist believes capitalism is to blame for the problem, they believe that capitalism weakens the society  ( mainly  women ) , and if they eliminated  capitalism and introduce communism. A Liberal feminist believes that over time, sexism has started to diminish and society has started to improve.   In conclusion there are many arguments regarding the industrialisation of the family and its affects.   Many factors come into play and the many combinations of these along with the diversity of what family means to different people, I feel it makes it hard for any theory to, on its own, explain how and why these changes happened or to know if they would have anyway and are possibly down to evolution. External influences affect us all differently dependant in class, financial, social and emotional factors within a family unit.   There is no norm and so to claim any one theory alone correct would not take this in to account.  

Andean/Incan People :: essays research papers

The Andean/Incan people The Andean/Incan people lived in the vast majority of the Andean Mountain ranges of Peru. They were mainly polytheistic and believed it was a series of gods who were responsible for providing the rain, maize, sun, etc. that was needed for daily survival.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Viracocha was the main and greatest god. He was held solely responsible for the creation of Earth, animals and man. He made men out of stone, replicated them and destroyed them according to his whim. Viracocha was considered he divine protector of the Incan rulers or â€Å"Incani’s†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Inti, the Sun god was the head of the state cult whose worship was mandatory. Every year a special festival called Inti-Raymi was held in Inti’s and the suns honor. Animal sacrifices and ritual dances marked and were often the highlight of the celebration.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Daily prayers were addressed to Apu Illapu, the rain giver, who was responsible for sustaining the Incans food sources. His temples were set high on a mountain so in case there was a flood, the temple would not be destroyed. A flood signified Apu Illapu’s anger and meant a pilgrimage with human sacrifice was necessary to appease him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Human sacrifice was not widely practices in the Incan religion as opposed to the Aztec religion where human sacrifices were the norm. Both the Incan and the Aztec believed that human sacrifice was a necessity to appease the gods. They felt there was no greater gift than giving your life to a god. Therefore, the sacrificial person as well as the god was honored. Festivals and daily prayers were often marked with dancing, singing and special prayers to the particular god of what they desired. Both fasting and feasting marked super special festivals.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Penitential rituals must be observed if a particular god is displeased. Murder as an act of war was not a punishable offense whereas murder as an act of vengeance was the gravest sin to be committed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Birth, puberty, marriage and death were all times for special rituals and sacrifices. Therefore, the Andean people’s lives mainly revolved around their religion as, without the gods, they would have nothing. The Spaniards The Spanish conquerors and missionaries arrived upon the New World around 1492 but it took a few years for them to get acclimated to the people and area before they started the conversion of the natives. The Spaniards were staunch Christians and mainly Catholics, under the rule of the Spanish Catholic monarchy.

Calico Joe by John Grisham

In Calico Joe, the story revolves around a young boy, Paul Tracey, the son of a professional baseball pitcher, and his awe over an upcoming rookie star and his relationship with his father. The novel switches back and forth between Paul’s youth in 1973 and his present in the early 2000’s. In 1973 when Chicago Cubs player Jim Hickman injured his back, the Cubs call up Joe Castle, a first baseman from the Cubs’ AA team, to play in the major leagues.At his first at bat, Castle hit a homerun and went on to hit 2 more homeruns and a perfect bunt to end the game with a win. Castle’s outstanding first game draws the attention of every American, especially that of Paul Tracey, becoming his new baseball hero. Castle continues to amaze everyone when he hits homerun after homerun, steals base after base, and wins his team game, after game. In just a few games, Castle breaks more rookie records than any other baseball player.A few of these records include the most con secutive hits at 15 straight hits, the most back-to-back stolen bases, and tying the record for most homeruns in a first game. By his third or fourth game, everyone in America was tuning into the Cubs game on their radios, watching replays of Joe’s amazing at-bats, and crowding around any store that had a radio or television in its window.Back at the Tracey family’s house, all is not well for Paul or the rest of the family. Warren Tracey, Paul’s father and pitcher for the New York Mets, has a declining career as a major league baseball player, losing the Mets game after game and forcing them to sink lower and lower in the National League rankings.After each game Warren loses, he goes out drinking all night, often not coming home until very early in the morning, too drunk to function. Whenever Warren came home drunk, he would often yell at his wife and beat Paul. On Warren’s off days, he would go to watch Paul’s little league games, only tom  crit icize Paul and yell at everyone for everything they were doing wrong.On most occasions where his father attended his games, Paul would leave the game crying because his father had yelled at him or hit him after the game. As â€Å"Calico Joe† continued to grow in fame, he caught the eye of Warren Tracey, and Warren had now made a target out of Joe.It would only be a matter of time before the Cubs would meet the Mets for a series game. In August, 1973, the Cubs met the Mets in Shea Stadium, New York for a game that would change the lives of both Warren and Joe. Paul attended the game with his mother off of free tickets that Warren had given them in reconciliation for hitting Paul. Warren was the starting pitcher for the Mets that day and does not hesitate to cause trouble on the mound. At Joe’s first at-bat against Warren, he swings at two and misses, gets three balls called for him, and fouls off eight consecutive pitches before hitting an out of the park homerun.Warren Tracey saw this as an attack against him and would be looking for vengeance on his next at-bat. At Joe’s next at-bat, Warren throws two outside pitches, but the third pitch is directly on course for Joe’s head, hitting him in the eye, cracking his skull, and breaking his jaw. Joe remained unconscious on the field for 30 minutes before the ambulance got there with Warren standing on the mound smiling. The entire country was shocked and enraged when they heard the news that â€Å"Calico Joe† had been hit by a career-ending beanball. When people got news of who hit the star rookie player, death threats poured into Paul’s house telephone. For the next two games in the series against the Mets, Cubs players charged the mound, beating up Warren and other players on the Cubs’ team.Warren denied the fact that he had intentionally hit Joe and his career spiraled downward. Warren never pitched the same again and was dropped from the Mets into their AAA team and eventually down to their AA team. After a month of being in a coma, Joe finally woke up, unable to ever play another game of baseball. Joe had lost eighty percent of his vision in his right eye and sustained some minor brain damage.A few months later, Joe has a stroke that leaves the left side of his body partially paralyzed, forcing him to retire for good. For years after the incident, Joe lives the life of a cripple in his home town of Calico Rock, Arkansas under the protection of his brothers. Thirty years go by and Paul is grown up with a wife and two kids. Warren Tracey left the family years before and has gone through 4 wives since then,  marrying only for money and lust.In another attempt at fame, Warren tries golfing, winning only one tournament in Florida. Tracey is diagnosed with pancreatic cancer and his health is deteriorating very quickly. Paul goes to visit him in his Florida home, not because he is concerned with his health, but because he has one last request b efore his father dies. Paul asks Warren to travel with him to Calico Rock, Arkansas to make amends with Joe and shake hands and apologize.After several days of yelling, arguing, and threatening blackmail, Warren warms up to the idea and goes with Paul to visit Joe. When they arrive in Calico Rock, they are greeted by Joe’s friend Clarence Rook who takes them to the field Joe looks after.Warren finally has the chance to apologize to Joe, and surprisingly is sincere and means it. Joe ultimately forgives Warren for ending his promising career and they shake hands and take pictures afterwards. A couple years after that, Warren finally succumbs to the pancreatic cancer and dies at the age of 76.A small funeral is held but very few people show up. To Paul’s surprise, in the middle of the minister’s sermon, Joe and his two brothers walk in and sit next to Joe. After all that Warren had done to Joe, Joe still goes to his funeral to pay his respects. After the funeral th e Castle brothers talk with Paul and want him to publish the story about the truth behind Warren beaning Joe and the story of their reconciliation in Calico Rock, Arkansas.Important CharactersPaul TraceyAt parts in the story, Paul Tracey is an 11 year old boy and son of Warren Tracey. Like his father, Paul has a passion for baseball and is a fairly skilled player in his community’s little league. As a boy, Paul is physically abused every time he does something wrong in any of his games, getting beat the moment they get home. Paul is also verbally abused by his father, sometimes even getting cussed out on the field. At other parts in the story, Paul Tracey is a middle-aged man in his 40’s. With a father dying from pancreatic cancer, Paul feels forced to go visit him; consequently, influencing his father to make amends with the man whose career his father ended.Warren TraceyAt parts in the story, Warren Tracey is a 34 year old journeyman for the New York Mets. Warren Tra cey plays off the old rules of baseball and plays a mean-spirited game of baseball whenever he does play. As a regular drunk, Warren abuses alcohol, his wife, and his son, Paul Tracey. In one pitch, Warren ends the promising career of a record breaking rookie by hitting him in the head, knocking him into a coma. Soon afterwards, Warren loses his ability to pitch and finds himself out of the game with no job. He eventually does reconcile with Joe after being blackmailed by his son and being diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. Warren dies at the end of the novel at 76 years old.Joe CastleJoe Castle was a rookie baseball player for the Cubs’ AA team before he saw an opportunity to become a star when the Cubs’ first baseman injured his back. Joe became a baseball legend when he broke a record in his first game in the major leagues and went on to break several more. At the height of his rookie career, his career was suddenly ended when he took a pitch to the head. Joe went in to a coma for a month before waking up with partial vision and permanent brain damage. After his stay in the hospital Joe retreated to his hometown of Calico Rock, Arkansas where he was the groundskeeper for the field the town had built and named after him. Joe agreed to meet with the man who ended his career and forgave him for everything he had done and even attended the man’s funeral.Hero/HeroineJoe Castle, nicknamed â€Å"Calico Joe† is the hero of this novel. Joe Castle wowed the crowd in each of his appearances on the field and won the hearts of most Americans. In his journey to fame, Joe never let the fame get to him and although he did get cocky at times, he never seemed overly arrogant or overly proud to anyone but Warren Tracey. When Joe’s career was ended shortly by Warren Tracey’s bean ball to the head, he did not blame anything on him or call Warren out in any way.Joe was always sincere about everything after the incident and looked at his li fe with only positive thoughts. When Warren finally comes to apologize, Joe accepts his apology and forgives him without any hesitation. When Warren dies of pancreatic  cancer, Joe treats him as an old friend and travels all the way to Florida to attend the funeral. In the novel, Joe truly is a hero to the American people, Paul, and eventually, Warren Tracey.Main ConflictIn Calico Joe, there the main conflict is a man vs. man type of conflict between Paul Tracey and his dad, Warren. In Warren’s eyes, Paul was always a failure and could never do anything right. Warren would scream at him during Paul’s little league games, criticize his every move, and beat him for what he did wrong when they got home. In Warren’s later years the role reverses and Paul blackmails Warren into doing what he wants and refuses to accept Warren as his father. Paul and Warren did not have a very healthy father-son relationship and during parts of both their lives, they were miserable. SettingCalico Joe takes place in both 1973 during some parts of the novel, and the early 2000’s during other parts. It is set in America, bouncing around different parts of the eastern half of the country, including Shea Stadium in New York, Wrigley Field in Chicago, Illinois, Calico Rock, Arkansas, Santa Fe, New Mexico, and Florida.Significant Quotesâ€Å"Neither my sister nor my mother wanted to be bothered by the news either. The big decision was whether to go to Warren’s funeral, not how quickly we could arrive to his bedside. But I knew I needed to see him again. We still had some unfinished business before he died.† – Paul Tracey This quote both sets up some foreshadowing to what is going to happen to Warren and it shows how weak the relationship between Warren and the rest of his family truly is.â€Å"Warren didn’t come to my college graduation or my wedding. But when I heard about his cancer I went to see him one last time.† – Paul Tracey Even though Warren wanted nothing to do with Paul after his career had ended, Paul still made attempts to have his father be a part of his life, but this will be his last attempt.â€Å"In Joe’s second at bat my father beaned him. I can still hear the sound of the ball hitting his helmet today. Joe collapsed in a heap and he didn’t get up. Then I saw my father  smile.† – Paul Tracey This shows that it was no accident that Warren Tracey hit Joe in the head when he stepped up to the plate the second time. Warren sick, twisted rules of baseball taught him to bean the batter for hitting a homerun and â€Å"showing up† the pitcher.â€Å"Over the following months it became obvious that the incident had had an effect on Warren Tracey. He performed terribly and was quickly pitching himself out of the rotation. He was a toxic influence and was hated in every ballpark.† – Paul Tracey The guilt of intentionally hitting Joe to knock him down and take him out of baseball was getting to Warren and causing him to play bad, however, Warren continued to lie even after he had been dropped from the major leagues.â€Å"It was the first time in years that he seemed to care about my family. He told me that he had just tried to call my sister as well. I knew that he was finally starting to face death† – Paul TraceyWarren only tries to get his family back when he knows that he is going to die soon. Nonetheless, Warren does make attempts to make amends with his family and Joe before he passes.â€Å"Just before the service started I was shocked to see the three Castle brothers walk in and sit in the last pew.† – Paul Tracey This shows that Joe had truly forgiven Warren for ending his career and now saw him as a close friend.ForeshadowingThe very beginning of the novel discusses Warren Tracey’s diagnosis of having pancreatic cancer, so, we are forced to foreshadow that this will cause compl ications later in the novel. Also in the beginning, Paul says that â€Å"[his] dad would throw a pitch that would change the history of baseball forever.† This leaves many different possibilities as to where the storyline could go and we are forced to foreshadow and think of where it might go.Novel’s ConclusionI was very surprised at the novel’s ending. First of all, I did not think that Paul was going to be able to persuade both his father and the Castle brothers into having Warren visit Joe in Calico Rock to apologize and ask forgiveness. The Castle brothers thought it was a great idea and once Warren knew he was going to die soon, he wanted to make amends. I was also  surprised when Warren said that he wanted Paul to publish the truth about him beaning Joe Castle. All of his life, Warren denied that he had intentionally hit Joe in the head, but then wants everyone to know. Lastly, I was very shocked that Joe and his two brothers traveled all the way to Flor ida for Warren Tracey’s funeral after knowing Warren for only a short amount of time.Meet a CharacterIf I could meet any one character in the book, I would want to meet Joe Castle. I used to play baseball for seven years and I know the game really well. I have met a couple Angel’s baseball players before, but I think it would be really cool to meet a rookie record breaker. Everyone in America loved Joe Castle, not only because of his extreme talent in baseball, but also for his natural charm and personality. If I did meet him, I would probably congratulate him on everything that he had done in baseball and feel bad for the accident he had been in.Reaction to the NovelI normally never like reading novels; however, I really enjoyed reading this novel. I thought it had a very clear story line that was easy to follow and was very well written. It also helped that I was familiar with baseball, the major theme/topic of the novel. Reading this novel has definitely given me so me thought into reading some of his other novels in the future.